The three basic variables that make up the life history of an organism are

The three basic variables that make up the life history of an organism are A) life expectancy, birth rate, and death rate. B) number of reproductive...

Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between

Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between A) choosing how many offspring to produce over the course of a lifetime and how long to live. B)...

Which of the following can contribute to density-dependent regulation of populations?

Which of the following can contribute to density-dependent regulation of populations? A) the removal of toxic waste by decomposers B) intraspecific...

Which of the following is an example of Batesian mimicry?

Which of the following is an example of Batesian mimicry? A) an insect that resembles a twig B) a butterfly that resembles a leaf C) a nonvenomous...

Which of the following is an example of aposematic coloration?

Which of the following is an example of aposematic coloration? A) stripes of a skunk B) eye color in humans C) green color of a plant D) colors of...

Which of the following best describes resource partitioning?

Which of the following best describes resource partitioning?  A) competitive exclusion that results in the success of the superior species B)...

Two barnacles, Balanus and Chthamalus, can both survive on the lower rocks just above the low-tide line on the Scottish coast, but only Balanus actually does so, with Chthamalus adopting a higher zone. Which of the following best accounts for this niche separation?

Two barnacles, Balanus and Chthamalus, can both survive on the lower rocks just above the low-tide line on the Scottish coast, but only Balanus actually...

The lionfish is a venomous fish found primarily in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. In the 1990's, lionfish were accidentally released into the Atlantic Ocean, where they found abundant resources and favorable environmental condition. Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in the lionfish having a major impact on the community into which they were introduced?

The lionfish is a venomous fish found primarily in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. In the 1990's, lionfish were accidentally released into the Atlantic...

Which of the following is the most accepted hypothesis as to why invasive species take over communities into which they have been introduced?

Which of the following is the most accepted hypothesis as to why invasive species take over communities into which they have been introduced?  A)...

During the course of the formation of a parasite/host relationship, a critical first step in this evolution would be

During the course of the formation of a parasite/host relationship, a critical first step in this evolution would be  A) changing the behavior...

Based on the experimental results, which of the following is the best evolutionary explanation for the occurrence of ARD in C. elegans?

Based on the experimental results, which of the following is the best evolutionary explanation for the occurrence of ARD in C. elegans? a. The ability...

Which of the following conclusions is most consistent with the data shown in Figure 2?

Which of the following conclusions is most consistent with the data shown in Figure 2? a. animals that spend 3-5 days in ARD are more likely to...

The average brood size per mated individual upon reintroduction of food following 30 days of ARD is closest to which of the following?

The average brood size per mated individual upon reintroduction of food following 30 days of ARD is closest to which of the following? a. 10 b....

Which of the following best describes the reproductive ability of C. elegans following the ARD induced in the first experiment?

Which of the following best describes the reproductive ability of C. elegans following the ARD induced in the first experiment? a. mating with a...

A scientist is evaluating a proposal for raising large numbers of fish in ocean pens for human consumption. As part of the evaluation, the scientist is designing a plan for investigating how fish in the ocean pens might affect nearby ecosystems. Which of the following is the most appropriate factor to use as the dependent variable in the experimental investigation?

A scientist is evaluating a proposal for raising large numbers of fish in ocean pens for human consumption. As part of the evaluation, the scientist...

If a dam is built downstream and prevents salmon migration to the test sites, which of the following most accurately predicts the impact on nitrogen influx?

If a dam is built downstream and prevents salmon migration to the test sites, which of the following most accurately predicts the impact on nitrogen...

Which of the following pieces of additional data would help further investigate the relationship between bears, salmon, and influx of nitrogen into the local environment?

Which of the following pieces of additional data would help further investigate the relationship between bears, salmon, and influx of nitrogen into...

Which of the following most likely describes how the interaction between bears and salmon influences nitrogen dynamics in the environment?

Which of the following most likely describes how the interaction between bears and salmon influences nitrogen dynamics in the environment? a. when...

Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?

Which of the following statements is best supported by the data? a. black bears are a keystone species b. salmon are a keystone species c. black...

In the year 2000, specimens of C.taxifolia, a green algae used in tropical aquariums was found off the coast of California. It is native to the Indian Ocean. It is known for aggressive reproduction and an ability to compete with sea grasses. It is currently on an international list of invasive species. Which of the following best predicts the consequences of the introduction of C. taxifolia to the California coast?

In the year 2000, specimens of C.taxifolia, a green algae used in tropical aquariums was found off the coast of California. It is native to the Indian...

The graph above represents the number of individuals in a population of wolves and in a population of moose observed in the same isolated geographic area over a 40 year period. Which of the following statements about the two populations in supported by the graph?

The graph above represents the number of individuals in a population of wolves and in a population of moose observed in the same isolated geographic...

Density-dependent factors are related to which of the following?

Density-dependent factors are related to which of the following?  A) cohort B) dispersion C) Allee effect D) iteroparous E) semelparous ...

As N approaches K for a certain population, which of the following is predicted by the logistic equation?

As N approaches K for a certain population, which of the following is predicted by the logistic equation?  A) The growth rate will not change. B)...

Natural selection has led to the evolution of diverse natural history strategies, which have in common

Natural selection has led to the evolution of diverse natural history strategies, which have in common  A) many offspring per reproductive episode. B)...

Which of the following communities is most likely to be stable?

Which of the following communities is most likely to be stable? a. one where a keystone predator has been removed b. one with uniformly spaced vegetation c....

In the Arctic Ocean, the predominant primary producers are phytoplankton. Phytoplankton are consumed by zooplankton, which in turn are eaten by codfish. In years when there is more open water (less ice coverage), there are more zooplankton and fish than in years with less open water (more ice coverage). Based on the graph above, the difference is most likely because

In the Arctic Ocean, the predominant primary producers are phytoplankton. Phytoplankton are consumed by zooplankton, which in turn are eaten by codfish....

Beaked whales feed at various depths, but they defecate at the ocean’s surface. Nitrogen-rich whale feces deposited in surface waters supply nutrients for algae that are eaten by surface dwelling fish. Which of the following best predicts what would happen if the whale population decreased?

Beaked whales feed at various depths, but they defecate at the ocean’s surface. Nitrogen-rich whale feces deposited in surface waters supply nutrients...

In Figure I, the difference between the two curves can best be attributed to which of the following?

In Figure I, the difference between the two curves can best be attributed to which of the following? (A) The difference between controlled laboratory...

The data over the duration of the experiment provide the strongest support for which of the following conclusions regarding the effect of the parasite on Tribolium populations?

The data over the duration of the experiment provide the strongest support for which of the following conclusions regarding the effect of the parasite...

Under which of the following conditions is the observed number of beetles per culture dish the greatest?

Under which of the following conditions is the observed number of beetles per culture dish the greatest? (A) T. confusum with parasite at 500 days (B)...

Which of the following is an example of cryptic coloration?

Which of the following is an example of cryptic coloration?  (A) bands on a coral snake (B) brown color of tree bark (C) markings of a viceroy...

The observation that members of a population are uniformly distributed suggests that

The observation that members of a population are uniformly distributed suggests that  (A) The size of the area occupied by the population is...

Undersea landslides can disrupt marine habitats by burying organisms that live on the ocean floor. The graph above shows the size of a population of a certain organism that lives on the ocean floor. The population was affected by a recent landslide at the time indicated on the graph. Which of the following best predicts how the population will be affected by the landslide?

Undersea landslides can disrupt marine habitats by burying organisms that live on the ocean floor. The graph above shows the size of a population of...

Thrips are insects that feed on rose pollen. Scientists noted that the thrips population increased in the spring and decreased dramatically during the summer. The researchers hypothesized that food abundance was the limiting factor for the population. Which of the following types of data would be most useful for the scientists to collect at regular intervals on a designated test plot of rose plants?

Thrips are insects that feed on rose pollen. Scientists noted that the thrips population increased in the spring and decreased dramatically during the...

There is strong evidence that two species of cliff-dwelling birds have nested in the same environment and fed in the same water for thousands of years, with each having stable population sizes. Based on this information, which of the following statements is the best conclusion?

There is strong evidence that two species of cliff-dwelling birds have nested in the same environment and fed in the same water for thousands of years,...

Which of the following groups would be most likely to exhibit uniform dispersion?

Which of the following groups would be most likely to exhibit uniform dispersion?  A) red squirrels, who actively defend territories B) cattails,...

An ecologist recorded 12 white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, per square mile in one woodlot and 20 per square mile in another woodlot. What was the ecologist comparing?

An ecologist recorded 12 white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, per square mile in one woodlot and 20 per square mile in another woodlot. What was...

A population is correctly defined as having which of the following characteristics?

A population is correctly defined as having which of the following characteristics? I. inhabiting the same general area II. belonging to the same species III....

Which of the following environmental features might influence microclimates?

Which of the following environmental features might influence microclimates?  A) forest canopy B) freshly plowed field C) log on the forest...

The main reason polar regions are cooler than the equator is that

The main reason polar regions are cooler than the equator is that  A) there is more ice at the poles. B) sunlight strikes the poles at a lower...

Which of the following levels of ecological organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive?

Which of the following levels of ecological organization is arranged in the correct sequence from most to least inclusive?  A) community, ecosystem,...

Eutrophication in lakes is frequently the direct result of

Eutrophication in lakes is frequently the direct result of a. nutrient enrichment b. industrial poisons c. a diminished supply of nitrates d. an...

Carbon dioxide is passed into a solution of bromothymol blue indicator until the acid solution turns yellow. A sprig of elodea is then placed into this yellow solution. After a few hours in the sunlight, the yellow solution turns blue. The purpose of this experiment is to show that

Carbon dioxide is passed into a solution of bromothymol blue indicator until the acid solution turns yellow. A sprig of elodea is then placed into this...

Species that utilize the same source of nutrition within a food web can best be described as

Species that utilize the same source of nutrition within a food web can best be described as a. providing double links in a food chain b. being...

All of the following are valid interpretations of these data EXCEPT:

A scientist measured the water content of leaves from two different groups of oak trees on three different summer days. One group of leaves, the T group,...

When are two species said to be in direct competition?

When are two species said to be in direct competition? a. when they are competing for the same resource without easy alternatives b. when they are...

Which of the following describes the role of bacteria or fungi in an arid ecosystem?

Which of the following describes the role of bacteria or fungi in an arid ecosystem? a. it coverts radiant energy into chemical energy b. it directly...

Which of the following are responsible for most of the conversion of organic materials into CO2, which can be utilized in primary production?

Which of the following are responsible for most of the conversion of organic materials into CO2, which can be utilized in primary production?  A)...

What is the fundamental difference between matter and energy?

What is the fundamental difference between matter and energy?  A) Matter is cycled through ecosystems; energy is not. B) Energy is cycled through...

The most likely adaptive significance of this photosynthetic mechanism is to

The most likely adaptive significance of this photosynthetic mechanism is to a. minimize water loss by taking up carbon dioxide at night b. maximize...

A useful control for the experiment would have included which of the following?

A useful control for the experiment would have included which of the following? I. Expose the plant to 32 hours of continuous moderate light and measure...

The photosynthetic pattern of this plant species is unusual for which of the following reasons?

The photosynthetic pattern of this plant species is unusual for which of the following reasons? I. It has a higher rate of carbon dioxide uptake during...

Which of the following is consistent with the data?

Which of the following is consistent with the data? a. the highest rate of carbon dioxide uptake occurs at the beginning of the light period b. the...

The area covered by tropical rain forest is reduced by millions of hectares per year due to agriculture and logging. which of the following best describes a likely result of tropical rain forest deforestation?

The area covered by tropical rain forest is reduced by millions of hectares per year due to agriculture and logging. which of the following best describes...

Two students conducted studies to determine the amount of bacteria in hamburgers cooked to different internal temperatures. The students cooked 3 hamburgers: 1 rare, 1 medium, and 1 well-done. The students then took a core from the center of each hamburger and placed each core in a separate petri dish with nutrient agar. Each dish was incubated until colonies formed. The students hypothesized that the rare hamburger core would generate the most bacteria colonies. Eight hundred colonies grew in the dish containing the rare hamburger core, 400 colonies grew in the dish containing the medium hamburger core, and 0 colonies grew in the dish containing the well-done hamburger core. What is the most appropriate next step for the students to take in this study?

Two students conducted studies to determine the amount of bacteria in hamburgers cooked to different internal temperatures. The students cooked 3 hamburgers:...

If an aquatic tank seemingly containing only water was monitored under both lit and unlit conditions, what might a changing pH level indicate about this experiment?

If an aquatic tank seemingly containing only water was monitored under both lit and unlit conditions, what might a changing pH level indicate about...

A student is attempting to study whether or not an organism is capable of performing both photosynthesis and respiration in an aquatic environment. Which of the following would be the preferred experimental setup?

A student is attempting to study whether or not an organism is capable of performing both photosynthesis and respiration in an aquatic environment....

Why is an increasing pH often an indication that photosynthesis has occurred in an experiment?

Why is an increasing pH often an indication that photosynthesis has occurred in an experiment? a. As CO2 is released, carbonic acid is created and...

Aisha wants to conduct an experiment to determine whether sun and shade varieties of the same plant species prefer the same wavelengths of light. She plans to measure rates of photosynthesis. Which design would be best for her experiment?

Aisha wants to conduct an experiment to determine whether sun and shade varieties of the same plant species prefer the same wavelengths of light. She...

Yellow-billed cuckoos typically hatch in mid-July. Emerging cicadas are a primary food source for nesting cuckoos. Wildfires typically destroy ground coverage which raises the ground temperature and encourages Cicada nymphs to hatch earlier. Which of the following best predicts the effect of wildfires on yellow-billed cuckoo populations?

Yellow-billed cuckoos typically hatch in mid-July. Emerging cicadas are a primary food source for nesting cuckoos. Wildfires typically destroy ground...

Assuming a wildfire would reduce the ground cover in a an ecosystem, how is that likely to affect ground temperature?

Assuming a wildfire would reduce the ground cover in a an ecosystem, how is that likely to affect ground temperature? a. Ground temperature would...

Overexploitation encourages extinction and is most likely to

Overexploitation encourages extinction and is most likely to a. animals that occupy a broad ecological niche b. large animals with low intrinsic...

Introduced species can have deleterious effects on biological communities by

Introduced species can have deleterious effects on biological communities by  A) preying on native species. B) competing with native species...

Based on what you know about ecosystem stability and the information provided in the graph, which community (A-E) would likely support the most biodiversity?

Based on what you know about ecosystem stability and the information provided in the graph, which community (A-E) would likely support the most biodiversity?  A)...

How is habitat fragmentation related to biodiversity loss?

How is habitat fragmentation related to biodiversity loss?  A) Less carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants in fragmented habitats. B) In fragmented...

Which of the following is the most direct threat to biodiversity ?

Which of the following is the most direct threat to biodiversity ? a. increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide b. the depletion of the ozone...

What is the term for a top predator that contributes to the maintenance of species diversity among its animal prey

What is the term for a top predator that contributes to the maintenance of species diversity among its animal prey a. keystone species b. keystone...

The use of DDT as an insecticide in the United States has been outlawed since 1971, yet is still a problem for certain top-level carnivores in the United States. Which of the following choices best explains this apparent incongruity?

The use of DDT as an insecticide in the United States has been outlawed since 1971, yet is still a problem for certain top-level carnivores in the United...

Which of the following terms includes all of the others?

Which of the following terms includes all of the others?  A) species diversity B) biodiversity C) genetic diversity D) ecosystem diversity E)...

Although extinction is a natural process, current extinctions are of concern to environmentalists because

Although extinction is a natural process, current extinctions are of concern to environmentalists because  A) more animals than ever before...

Extinction is a natural phenomenon. It is estimated that 99% of all species that ever lived are now extinct. Why then do we say that we are now experiencing an extinction (loss of biodiversity) crisis?

Extinction is a natural phenomenon. It is estimated that 99% of all species that ever lived are now extinct. Why then do we say that we are now experiencing...

Estimates of current rates of extinction

Estimates of current rates of extinction  A) indicate that we have reached a state of stable equilibrium in which speciation rates equal extinction...

Which statement best describes what ultimately happens to the chemical energy that is not converted to new biomass in the process of energy transfer between trophic levels in an ecosystem?

Which statement best describes what ultimately happens to the chemical energy that is not converted to new biomass in the process of energy transfer...

Which of the following ecosystems would likely have a larger net primary productivity/hectare and why?

Which of the following ecosystems would likely have a larger net primary productivity/hectare and why?  A) open ocean because of the total biomass...

Why is net primary production (NPP) a more useful measurement to an ecosystem ecologist than gross primary production (GPP)?

Why is net primary production (NPP) a more useful measurement to an ecosystem ecologist than gross primary production (GPP)?  A) NPP can be...

How is it that the open ocean produces the highest net primary productivity of Earth's ecosystems, yet net primary productivity per square meter is relatively low?

How is it that the open ocean produces the highest net primary productivity of Earth's ecosystems, yet net primary productivity per square meter is...

Which of the following is a true statement regarding mineral nutrients in soils and their implication for primary productivity?

Which of the following is a true statement regarding mineral nutrients in soils and their implication for primary productivity?  A) Globally,...

Which of these ecosystems has the highest net primary productivity per square meter?

Which of these ecosystems has the highest net primary productivity per square meter?  A) savanna B) open ocean C) boreal forest D) tropical...

Which of these ecosystems accounts for the largest amount of Earth's net primary productivity?

Which of these ecosystems accounts for the largest amount of Earth's net primary productivity? a. tundra b. savanna c. salt march d. open ocean e....

The difference between net and gross primary productivity would likely be greatest for

The difference between net and gross primary productivity would likely be greatest for a. phytoplankton in the ocean b. corn plants in a farmer's...

Subtraction of which of the following will convert gross primary productivity into net primary productivity?

Subtraction of which of the following will convert gross primary productivity into net primary productivity? a. the energy contained in the standing...

Approximately 1% of the solar radiation that strikes a plant is converted into the chemical bond energy of sugars. Why is this amount so low?

Approximately 1% of the solar radiation that strikes a plant is converted into the chemical bond energy of sugars. Why is this amount so low?  A)...

Which of the following is true of detrivores?

Which of the following is true of detrivores?  A) They recycle chemical elements directly back to primary consumers. B) They synthesize organic...

If the sun were to suddenly stop providing energy to Earth, most ecosystems would vanish. Which of the following ecosystems would likely survive the longest after this hypothetical disaster?

If the sun were to suddenly stop providing energy to Earth, most ecosystems would vanish. Which of the following ecosystems would likely survive the...

To recycle nutrients, an ecosystem must have, at a minimum,

To recycle nutrients, an ecosystem must have, at a minimum,  A) producers. B) producers and decomposers. C) producers, primary consumers, and...

Which of the following best describes a consequence of having no bacteria and fungi in a food web?

Which of the following best describes a consequence of having no bacteria and fungi in a food web? a. Grasses will have no direct access to chemical...

The biggest difference between the flow of energy and the flow of chemical nutrients in an ecosystem is that __________.

The biggest difference between the flow of energy and the flow of chemical nutrients in an ecosystem is that __________. the amount of energy is...

Which of the following causes an increase in the intensity of UV radiation on Earth?

Which of the following causes an increase in the intensity of UV radiation on Earth? a. depletion of atomospheric ozone b. turnover c. biological...

The high level of pesticides found in birds of prey is an example of

The high level of pesticides found in birds of prey is an example of a. eutrophication b. predation c. biological magnification d. the green world...

What would be a likely entry for A?

Use the incomplete diagram below, illustrating some of the steps involved in eutrophication to answer the following question. A---> algae grow faster...

What would be a likely entry for box B?

Use the incomplete diagram below, illustrating some of the steps involved in eutrophication to answer the following question. A---> algae grow faster...

Aquatic nitrate pollution can result in _____.

Aquatic nitrate pollution can result in _____. a. algal bloom b. oxygen depletion c. fish kills d. hypoxia e. an algal bloom that, when the algae...

In terms of nutrient cycling, why does timber harvesting in a temperate forest cause less ecological devastation than timber harvesting in tropical rainforests?

In terms of nutrient cycling, why does timber harvesting in a temperate forest cause less ecological devastation than timber harvesting in tropical...

Denitrifying bacteria convert _____ to _____.

Denitrifying bacteria convert _____ to _____. nitrates ... nitrogen gas nitrogen gas ... nitrates nitrogen gas ... ammonium ammonium ... nitrogen...

In the nitrogen cycle, the bacteria that replenish the atmosphere with N2 are

In the nitrogen cycle, the bacteria that replenish the atmosphere with N2 are A) Rhizobium bacteria. B) nitrifying bacteria. C) denitrifying bacteria. D)...

Nitrogen is available to plants only in the form of

Nitrogen is available to plants only in the form of A) N2 in the atmosphere. B) nitrite ions in the soil. C) uric acid from animal excretions. D)...

Agricultural lands frequently require nutrient augmentation because

Agricultural lands frequently require nutrient augmentation because A) nitrogen-fixing bacteria are not as plentiful in agricultural soils because...

Why were ecologists concerned about the shift in the peak caterpillar season from June 3, 1980 to May 15, 2000?

Flycatcher birds that migrate from Africa to Europe feed their nestlings a diet that is almost exclusively moth caterpillars. The graph in Figure 43.3...

The shift in the peak of caterpillar season is most likely due to

Flycatcher birds that migrate from Africa to Europe feed their nestlings a diet that is almost exclusively moth caterpillars. The graph in Figure 43.3...

All of the following are true statements about meiosis in mammals EXCEPT:

All of the following are true statements about meiosis in mammals EXCEPT:  a) It produces cells with the haploid number of chromosomes. b)...

If 2n=48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be

If 2n=48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be Answer: ...

Crossing-over is a process that involves

Crossing-over is a process that involves a. exchange of genetic material between chromosomes that are not homologous b. random segregation of genes...

Which of the following is NOT associated with nuclear division and cell division in animals?

Which of the following is NOT associated with nuclear division and cell division in animals? a. formation of spindles b. constriction of the dividing...

Which of the following causes the rapid change of membrane polarity during an action potential?

Which of the following causes the rapid change of membrane polarity during an action potential? (A) Diffusion of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (B)...

The flow of which of the following into the mitochondrial matrix provides the chemiosmotic energy for the synthesis of ATP?

The flow of which of the following into the mitochondrial matrix provides the chemiosmotic energy for the synthesis of ATP? (A) Inorganic phosphate...

Which of the following best describes allosteric inhibition of an enzyme?

Which of the following best describes allosteric inhibition of an enzyme? (A) The inhibitor binds to the mRNA to prevent translation of the enzyme. (B)...

Which of the following occurs in both fermentation and aerobic cellular respiration

Which of the following occurs in both fermentation and aerobic cellular respiration a. osygen and carbon dioxide are consumed b. FAD is reduced,...

Describe the difference between the two processes in cellular respiration that produce ATP: oxidative phosphorylation and substrate-level phosphorylation

Describe the difference between the two processes in cellular respiration that produce ATP: oxidative phosphorylation and substrate-level phosphorylation Most...

Plasmid exchanged by conjugating bacteria [Match]

Plasmid exchanged by conjugating bacteria [Match] ----------------------------------------------- [A] Unpaired unreplicated linear chromosomes [B]...

Eukaryotic cells at metaphase I [Match]

Eukaryotic cells at metaphase I [Match] ----------------------------------------------- [A] Unpaired unreplicated linear chromosomes [B] Unpaired...

Eukaryotic cells at prophase of mitosis [Match]

Eukaryotic cells at prophase of mitosis [Match] ----------------------------------------------- [A] Unpaired unreplicated linear chromosomes [B]...

Typical of prokaryotic cells after fission [Match]

Typical of prokaryotic cells after fission [Match] ----------------------------------------------- [A] Unpaired unreplicated linear chromosomes [B]...

Which of the following is TRUE of C (subscript 4), plants such as corn?

Which of the following is TRUE of C (subscript 4), plants such as corn? ----------------------------------------------- [A] The Calvin cycle is confined...

Which of the following organelles is correctly matched with its function?

Which of the following organelles is correctly matched with its function? ----------------------------------------------- [A] Lysosome . . lipid hydrolysis [B]...

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are alike in all of the following ways except

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are alike in all of the following ways except a. both release energy from glucose b. Acetaldehyde is converted...

By using the isotope O18 as a tracer element in studying photosynthesis, it has been possible to show that the O2 released in the process comes from

By using the isotope O18 as a tracer element in studying photosynthesis, it has been possible to show that the O2 released in the process comes from a....

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? a. Aerobic respiration uses O2 as...

Aerobic respiration and the light dependent phases of photosynthesis have all of the following characteristics in common except

Aerobic respiration and the light dependent phases of photosynthesis have all of the following characteristics in common except A. ATP is synthesized...

Carbohydrate-synthesizing reactions of photosynthesis directly require

Carbohydrate-synthesizing reactions of photosynthesis directly require A. Light B. Oxygen and Water C. Products of light reactions D. Chlorophyll...

The final product of the Calvin Cycle is

The final product of the Calvin Cycle is A. G3P B. RuBP C. ATP D. PGA Answer: ...

The light reactions supply the Calvin Cycle with which of the following

The light reactions supply the Calvin Cycle with which of the following A. Oxygen B. ATP and NADPH C. Water D. Carbon Dioxide Answer: ...

Which of the following is an important difference between light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

Which of the following is an important difference between light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? A.The light-dependent...

If plants are grown for several days in an atmosphere containing 14CO2 in place of 12CO2 one would expect to find

If plants are grown for several days in an atmosphere containing 14CO2 in place of 12CO2 one would expect to find a. very little radioactivity in...

Substrate F can be removed from enzyme G by dialysis. Enzyme G is inactive after removal of F, but can be reactivated by adding F. Substrate F is probably

Substrate F can be removed from enzyme G by dialysis. Enzyme G is inactive after removal of F, but can be reactivated by adding F. Substrate F is probably a....

Which of the following can be used to determine the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Which of the following can be used to determine the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? - the rate of enzyme used up - the rate of substrate used...

Metabolism of which of the following molecules results in the greatest net usable energy per gram?

Metabolism of which of the following molecules results in the greatest net usable energy per gram? (A) A triglyceride (B) A tripeptide (C) An alpha-linked...

The tertiary structure and function of a polypeptide is principally determined by the

The tertiary structure and function of a polypeptide is principally determined by the (A) length of the polypeptide (B) number of nucleotides present...

Which of the following is true of both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Which of the following is true of both mitochondria and chloroplasts? (A) They are found in the cells of eukaryotic autotrophs and heterotrophs. (B)...

Within the cell, many chemical reactions that, by themselves, require energy input (have a positive free-energy change) can occur because the reactions

Within the cell, many chemical reactions that, by themselves, require energy input (have a positive free-energy change) can occur because the reactions a)...

The working of lac operon is important for which of the following reasons?

The working of lac operon is important for which of the following reasons? a) It represents a principle means by which genes are regulated in prokaryotes b)...

Which of the following is a correct statement about mutations?

Which of the following is a correct statement about mutations? a) they are a source of variation for evolution b) they drive evolution by creating...

Analysis of DNA sequences from two individuals of the same species results in a greater estimate of genetic variability than does analysis of amino acid sequences from the same individuals because:

Analysis of DNA sequences from two individuals of the same species results in a greater estimate of genetic variability than does analysis of amino...

The base composition of DNA varies from one species of bacteria to another. Which of the following ratios would you expect to remain constant in the DNA. regardless of the species?

The base composition of DNA varies from one species of bacteria to another. Which of the following ratios would you expect to remain constant in the...

The movement of water to the top of a 15-meter tree is best explained by

The movement of water to the top of a 15-meter tree is best explained by A. Transpiration and cohesion B. Root and stem pressure C. Barometric pressure D....

If the pH of a solution is decreased from 7 to 6, it means that the

If the pH of a solution is decreased from 7 to 6, it means that the A. concentration of H+ has decreased to 10 times of what it was at pH 7. B. concentration...

A covalent bond is likely to be polar when

A covalent bond is likely to be polar when A. one of the atoms sharing electrons is much more electronegative than the other atom. B. the two atoms...

A controlled experiment is one in which

A controlled experiment is one in which A. the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate. B. the experiment proceeds...

Which of following is a correct statement about the relationship between ph and the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution?

Which of following is a correct statement about the relationship between ph and the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution? a. There are no hydrogen...

Which of the following is true of synaptic signaling and hormonal signaling?

Which of the following is true of synaptic signaling and hormonal signaling? A) Hormonal signaling occurs in animals only. B) Hormonal signaling...

Which of the following provides the best evidence that cell-signaling pathways evolved early in the history of life?

Which of the following provides the best evidence that cell-signaling pathways evolved early in the history of life? A) They are seen in "primitive"...

A plant deficient in calcium could experience several problems, including

A plant deficient in calcium could experience several problems, including A) poor response to signals of stress, drought, or cold. B) decreased response...

A small molecule that specifically binds to another molecule, usually a larger one

A small molecule that specifically binds to another molecule, usually a larger one A) is called a signal transducer. B) is called a ligand. C) is...

Of the following, a receptor protein in a membrane that recognizes a chemical signal is most similar to

Of the following, a receptor protein in a membrane that recognizes a chemical signal is most similar to A) the active site of an enzyme in the cytoplasm...

When a cell releases a signal molecule into the environment and a number of cells in the immediate vicinity respond, this type of signaling is

When a cell releases a signal molecule into the environment and a number of cells in the immediate vicinity respond, this type of signaling is A)...

The signal transduction pathway in animal cells that use epinephrine

The signal transduction pathway in animal cells that use epinephrine A) activates the breakdown of glycogen in liver and skeletal muscle cells. B)...

The process of transduction usually begins

The process of transduction usually begins a.when the chemical signal is released from the alpha cell. b.when the signal molecule changes the receptor...

Most nerve cells communicate with others by means of:

Most nerve cells communicate with others by means of: A. electrical signals that pass across synapses. B. chemical signals that pass across synapses. C....

Is an allergy (to pollen, bees, peanuts, etc) a normal body function or a disruption of body function?

Is an allergy (to pollen, bees, peanuts, etc) a normal body function or a disruption of body function? A. An allergy is a normal body function that...

The mechanism of action of many common medications involves interfering with the normal pathways that cells use to respond to hormone signals. Which of the following best describes a drug interaction that directly interferes with a signal transduction pathway?

The mechanism of action of many common medications involves interfering with the normal pathways that cells use to respond to hormone signals. Which...

Which of the following describes cell communication systems?

Which of the following describes cell communication systems?  A) Cell signaling evolved more recently than systems such as the immune system...

Synaptic signaling between adjacent neurons is like hormone signaling in which of the following ways?

Synaptic signaling between adjacent neurons is like hormone signaling in which of the following ways? A) It sends its signal molecules through the...

Which of the following is an additional use of the gel electrophoresis technique?

Refer to an experiment that was performed to separate DNA fragments from four samples radioactively labeled with 32 P. The fragments were separated by...

The DNA was labeled with 32 P in order to

Refer to an experiment that was performed to separate DNA fragments from four samples radioactively labeled with 32 P. The fragments were separated by...

The electrophoretic separation of the pieces of DNA in each of the four samples was achieved because of differential migration of the DNA fragments in an electric field. This differential migration was caused by the

Refer to an experiment that was performed to separate DNA fragments from four samples radioactively labeled with 32 P. The fragments were separated by...

If, instead of the bag, a potato slice were placed in the beaker of distilled water, which of the following would be true of the potato slice?

Refer to an experiment in which a dialysis-tubing bag is filled with a mixture of 3% starch and 3% glucose and placed in a beaker of distilled water,...

Which of the following best describes the condition expected after 24 hours?

Refer to an experiment in which a dialysis-tubing bag is filled with a mixture of 3% starch and 3% glucose and placed in a beaker of distilled water,...

From the initial conditions and results described, which of the following is a logical conclusion?

Refer to an experiment in which a dialysis-tubing bag is filled with a mixture of 3% starch and 3% glucose and placed in a beaker of distilled water,...

Refer to the birth of a child with blood type A to a mother with blood type B

Refer to the birth of a child with blood type A to a mother with blood type B The father must have which of the following blood types? (A) AB only (B)...

In a species that has five different alleles for a gene at a particular locus....? How many different alleles may be present in the somatic cells of one diploid individual?

In a species that has five different alleles for a gene at a particular locus....? How many different alleles may be present in the somatic cells of...

There is good evidence for linkage when

There is good evidence for linkage when  A) two genes occur together in the same gamete. B) a gene is associated with a specific phenotype. C)...

The reason that linked genes are inherited together is that

The reason that linked genes are inherited together is that  A) they are located on the same chromosome. B) the number of genes in a cell is...

Chromosomes and genes share all of the following characteristics except that

Chromosomes and genes share all of the following characteristics except that  A) they are both present in pairs in all diploid cells. B) they...

In sheep, eye color is controlled by a single gene with two alleles. When a homozygous brown-eyed sheep is crossed with a homozygous green-eyed sheep, blue eyes offspring are produced. If the blue eyed sheep are mated with each other, what percent of their offspring will most likely have brown eyes?

In sheep, eye color is controlled by a single gene with two alleles. When a homozygous brown-eyed sheep is crossed with a homozygous green-eyed sheep,...

Probability that the genotype TTSs will be produced by the parents TTSs x TtSS

Assume that the alleles referred to all assort independently. (A) 0 (B) 1/16 (C) 1/4 (D) 1/2 (E) 3/4 Probability that the genotype TTSs will be produced...

Probability that the genotype Rr will be produced by the parents Rr x rr

Assume that the alleles referred to all assort independently. (A) 0 (B) 1/16 (C) 1/4 (D) 1/2 (E) 3/4 Probability that the genotype Rr will be produced...

Probability that the genotype ccdd will be produced by the parents CcDd x CcDd

Assume that the alleles referred to all assort independently. (A) 0 (B) 1/16 (C) 1/4 (D) 1/2 (E) 3/4 Probability that the genotype ccdd will be produced...

Assume that the alleles referred to all assort independently.

Assume that the alleles referred to all assort independently.  (A) 0 (B) 1/16 (C) 1/4 (D) 1/2 (E) 3/4 Probability that the genotype Aa will be...