You have in your possession a microscope slide with meiotic cells on it and a light microscope. What would you look for if you wanted to identify metaphase I cells on the slide?

You have in your possession a microscope slide with meiotic cells on it and a light microscope. What would you look for if you wanted to identify metaphase I cells on the slide?

A) a visible nuclear envelope
B) separated sister chromatids at each pole of the cell
C) tetrads lined up at the center of the cell
D) a synaptonemal complex
E) a cleavage furrow



Answer: C

The process is preceded by replication of the DNA.

The process is preceded by replication of the DNA.

A. The statement is true for mitosis only.
B. The statement is true for meiosis I only.
C. The statement is true for meiosis II only.
D. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I.
E. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.



Answer: D

Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs

Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs

A. The statement is true for mitosis only.
B. The statement is true for meiosis I only.
C. The statement is true for meiosis II only.
D. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I.
E. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.


Answer: B

Centromeres uncouple and chromatids are separated from each other.

Centromeres uncouple and chromatids are separated from each other.

A. The statement is true for mitosis only.
B. The statement is true for meiosis I only.
C. The statement is true for meiosis II only.
D. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I.
E. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.


Answer: E

A cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical.

A cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical.

A. The statement is true for mitosis only.
B. The statement is true for meiosis I only.
C. The statement is true for meiosis II only.
D. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I.
E. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.


Answer: A

Which of the following is true of the process of meiosis?

Which of the following is true of the process of meiosis?

A) Two diploid cells result.
B) Four diploid cells result.
C) Four haploid cells result.
D) Four autosomes result.
E) Four chiasmata result.


Answer: C

Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I?

Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I?

A) Homologous chromosomes are separated.
B) The chromosome number is conserved.
C) Sister chromatids are separated.
D) Four daughter cells are formed.
E) The sperm cells elongate to form a head and a tail end.



Answer: A

Centromeres of sister chromatids uncouple and chromatids separate.

I. prophase I II. metaphase I
III. anaphase I IV. telophase I V. prophase II VI. metaphase II
VII. anaphase II
VIII. telophase II

Centromeres of sister chromatids uncouple and chromatids separate.

A) II
B) III
C) IV
D) V
E) VI


Answer: E

Synapsis of homologous pairs occurs; crossing over may occur.

I. prophase I V. prophase II
II. metaphase I VI. metaphase II
III. anaphase I VII. anaphase II
IV. telophase I VIII. telophase II

Synapsis of homologous pairs occurs; crossing over may occur.

A) I
B) II
C) IV
D) VI
E) VII


Answer: A

Which of the following terms belongs with the words synapsis, tetrads, and chiasmata?

Which of the following terms belongs with the words synapsis, tetrads, and chiasmata?

A) haploid
B) crossing over
C) autosomes
D) prophase II
E) fertilization


Answer: B

How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?

How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?

A) They have twice the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of DNA.
B) They have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
C) They have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
D) They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.
E) They have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice the amount of DNA.


Answer: D

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is

A) diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of a single chromatid.
B) diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two sister chromatids.
C) haploid, and the chromosomes are composed of a single chromatid.
D) haploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two sister chromatids.
E) tetraploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two sister chromatids



Answer: D

Which of these statements is false?

Which of these statements is false?

A) In humans, each of the 22 maternal autosomes has a homologous paternal chromosome.
B) In humans, the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, determines whether the person is female (XX) or male (XY).
C) Single, haploid (n) sets of chromosomes in ovum and sperm unite during fertilization, forming a diploid (2n), single-celled zygote.
D) At sexual maturity, ovaries and testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis.
E) Sexual life cycles differ with respect to the relative timing of meiosis and fertilization


Answer: D

In animals, meiosis results in gametes, and fertilization results in

In animals, meiosis results in gametes, and fertilization results in

A) spores.
B) gametophytes.
C) zygotes.
D) sporophytes.
E) clones


Answer: C

Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Of the following elements, which do all sexual life cycles have in common?

Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Of the following elements, which do all sexual life cycles have in common?

I. alternation of generations
II. meiosis
III. fertilization
IV. gametes
V. spores



A) I, IV, and V
B) I, II, and IV
C) II, III, and IV
D) II, IV, and V
E) all of the above



Answer: C

Which of the following is the term for a human cell that contains 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes?

Which of the following is the term for a human cell that contains 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes?

A) an unfertilized egg cell
B) a sperm cell
C) a male somatic cell
D) a female somatic cell
E) both A and D


Answer: D

The human X and Y chromosomes are

The human X and Y chromosomes are

A) both present in every somatic cell of males and females alike.
B) of approximately equal size.
C) almost entirely homologous, despite their different names.
D) called "sex chromosomes" because they determine an individual's sex.
E) all of the above


Answer: D

How do the two members of a pair of homologous chromosomes differ from each other?

How do the two members of a pair of homologous chromosomes differ from each other?

A) their length
B) the identity and relative position of the genes present on each of the chromosomes
C) their staining patterns
D) the position of the centromere within each of the chromosomes
E) the precise sequence of the DNA within each of the chromosomes



Answer: E

Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?

Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?

A) Genes correspond to segments of DNA.
B) Many genes contain the information needed for cells to synthesize enzymes and other proteins.
C) During fertilization, both the sperm and the ovum contribute genes to the resulting fertilized egg.
D) Under normal circumstances, each chromosome contains precisely one gene.
E) Genetic differences can result from changes in the DNA called mutations.


Answer: D

What is a genome?

What is a genome?

A) the complete complement of an organism's genes
B) a specific sequence of polypeptides within each cell
C) a specialized polymer of four different kinds of monomers
D) a specific segment of DNA that is found within a prokaryotic chromosome
E) an ordered display of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest



Answer: A