When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs?

When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs?

A) The electrons gain free energy.
B) ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport.
C) NAD+ is oxidized.
D) The pH of the matrix increases.
E) The cytochromes phosphorylate ADP to form ATP.


Answer: D

For each mole of glucose (C6H12O6) oxidized by cellular respiration, how many moles of CO2 are released in the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1)?

For each mole of glucose (C6H12O6) oxidized by cellular respiration, how many moles of CO2 are released in the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1)?

A) 4
B) 12
C) 6
D) 3
E) 2


Answer: A

Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?

Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent? 

A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) glycolysis
C) electron transport
D) the citric acid cycle
E) chemiosmosis


Answer: B

Brown fat cells produce a protein called thermogenin in their mitochondrial inner membrane. Thermogenin is a channel for facilitated transport of protons across the membrane. What will occur in the brown fat cells when they produce thermogenin?

Brown fat cells produce a protein called thermogenin in their mitochondrial inner membrane. Thermogenin is a channel for facilitated transport of protons across the membrane. What will occur in the brown fat cells when they produce thermogenin?

A) ATP synthesis will decrease, and heat generation will increase.
B) ATP synthesis and heat generation will stay the same.
C) ATP synthesis and heat generation will both increase.
D) ATP synthesis will increase, and heat generation will decrease.
E) ATP synthesis and heat generation will both decrease.


Answer: A

The direct energy source that drives ATP synthesis during respiratory oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells is

The direct energy source that drives ATP synthesis during respiratory oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells is

A) oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water.
B) the thermodynamically favorable flow of electrons from NADH to the mitochondrial electron transport carriers.
C) the proton-motive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
D) the thermodynamically favorable transfer of phosphate from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle intermediate molecules of ADP.
E) the final transfer of electrons to oxygen.


Answer: C

Where do the catabolic products of fatty acid breakdown enter into the citric acid cycle?

Where do the catabolic products of fatty acid breakdown enter into the citric acid cycle? 

A) ?-ketoglutarate
B) malate or fumarate
C) pyruvate
D) succinyl CoA
E) acetyl CoA


Answer: E