Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?

Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?  A) If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will...

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?  A) The temperature decreased from 20°C to 15°C. B) The plant's height is 25 centimeters...

Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?

Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?  A) Theories are hypotheses that have been proved. B)...

A controlled experiment is one that

A controlled experiment is one that  A) proceeds slowly enough that a scientist can make careful records of the results. B) tests experimental...

Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?

Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?  A) matching DNA nucleotide sequences B) descent with modification C)...

Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because

Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because  A) protists eat bacteria. B) bacteria are not made of cells. C) protists have...

Systems biology is mainly an attempt to

Systems biology is mainly an attempt to  A) analyze genomes from different species. B) simplify complex problems by reducing the system into...

Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which Darwin's theory of natural selection is based?

Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which Darwin's theory of natural selection is based?  A) Poorly adapted individuals...

Which of the following is a correct sequence of levels in life's hierarchy, proceeding downward from an individual animal?

Which of the following is a correct sequence of levels in life's hierarchy, proceeding downward from an individual animal?  A) brain, organ system,...

All the organisms on your campus make up

All the organisms on your campus make up  A) an ecosystem. B) a community. C) a population. D) an experimental group. E) a taxonomic domain. Answer:...

The students plan to gather data from the project. Which of the following would be the best way to present what they gather from experimental groups as opposed to controls?

The students plan to gather data from the project. Which of the following would be the best way to present what they gather from experimental groups...

For their second experiment, the students want to know whether the Dinobryon have to live in colonies or can be free living. How might they proceed?

For their second experiment, the students want to know whether the Dinobryon have to live in colonies or can be free living. How might they proceed?  A)...

The students decide that for one of their experiments, they want to see whether the organisms can photosynthesize. Which of the following is the best hypothesis?

The students decide that for one of their experiments, they want to see whether the organisms can photosynthesize. Which of the following is the best...

Since these organisms are protists, which of these characteristics could the students assume to be true?

Golden algae are a group of protists whose color is due to carotenoid pigments: yellow and brown. Most have two flagella and all are photosynthetic....

What do these two plants have in common?

What do these two plants have in common?  A) adaptations to extreme heat B) adaptations to conserve water C) identical stem structures D) identical...

The illustration above most probably represents

The illustration above most probably represents  A) a computer simulation of the structure of a eukaryotic cell. B) a map of a network of protein...

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, a variety of subdisciplines, and diverse cultures?

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, a variety of subdisciplines, and diverse cultures?  A) They can...

Which of the following best describes a model organism?

Which of the following best describes a model organism?  A) It is often pictured in textbooks and easy for students to imagine. B) It lends...

In a high school laboratory, which of the following constitutes an experiment?

In a high school laboratory, which of the following constitutes an experiment?  I. learning to use a microscope by examining fixed specimens on...

Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning?

Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning?  A) Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and all are photosynthetic;...

Given the cooperativity of science, which of the following is most likely to result in an investigator being intellectually looked down upon by other scientists?

Given the cooperativity of science, which of the following is most likely to result in an investigator being intellectually looked down upon by other...

Which of the following is the best description of a control for an experiment?

Which of the following is the best description of a control for an experiment?  A) The control group is kept in an unchanging environment. B)...

In presenting data that result from an experiment, a group of students show that most of their measurements fall on a straight diagonal line on their graph. However, two of their data points are "outliers" and fall far to one side of the expected relationship. What should they do?

In presenting data that result from an experiment, a group of students show that most of their measurements fall on a straight diagonal line on their...

When a hypothesis cannot be written in an "If...then" format, what does this mean?

When a hypothesis cannot be written in an "If...then" format, what does this mean?  A) It does not represent deductive reasoning. B) It cannot...

Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis?

Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis?  I. It is testable. II. It is falsifiable. III. It produces quantitative...

The application of scientific knowledge for some specific purpose is known as

The application of scientific knowledge for some specific purpose is known as  A) technology. B) deductive science. C) inductive science. D)...

Why is it important that an experiment include a control group?

Why is it important that an experiment include a control group?  A) The control group is the group that the researcher is in control of, the...

A controlled experiment is one in which

A controlled experiment is one in which A) the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate. B) the experiment proceeds...

When applying the process of science, which of these is tested?

When applying the process of science, which of these is tested?  A) a question B) a result C) an observation D) a prediction E) a hypothesis Answer:...

Collecting data based on observation is an example of ________; analyzing this data to reach a conclusion is an example of ________ reasoning.

Collecting data based on observation is an example of ________; analyzing this data to reach a conclusion is an example of ________ reasoning.  A)...

The method of scientific inquiry that describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and the analysis of data is known as

The method of scientific inquiry that describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and the analysis...

Why is the theme of evolution considered to be the core theme of biology by biologists?

Why is the theme of evolution considered to be the core theme of biology by biologists?  A) It provides a framework within which all biological...

Similarities and differences among/between life-forms over time are most efficiently recorded by scientists in which field(s) of study?

Similarities and differences among/between life-forms over time are most efficiently recorded by scientists in which field(s) of study?  A)...

According to Darwinian theory, which of the following exhibits the greatest fitness for evolutionary success?

According to Darwinian theory, which of the following exhibits the greatest fitness for evolutionary success?  A) the species with the longest...

What are archaea?

What are archaea?  A) Prokaryotes characterized as extremophiles that share some bacterial and some eukaryotic traits. B) Organisms that are...

What is the major distinguishing characteristic of fungi?

What is the major distinguishing characteristic of fungi?  A) gaining nutrition through ingestion B) being sedentary C) being prokaryotic D)...

Which of the following categories of organisms is least likely to be revised?

Which of the following categories of organisms is least likely to be revised?  A) kingdom B) class C) order D) phylum E) species Answer:...

Darwin's finches, collected from the Galápagos Islands, illustrate which of the following?

Darwin's finches, collected from the Galápagos Islands, illustrate which of the following?  A) mutation frequency B) ancestors from different...

Why is Darwin considered original in his thinking?

Why is Darwin considered original in his thinking?  A) He provided examples of organisms that had evolved over time. B) He demonstrated that...

Which of the following best describes what occurred after the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species?

Which of the following best describes what occurred after the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species?  A) The book received...

What is the major difference between a kingdom and a domain?

What is the major difference between a kingdom and a domain?  A) A kingdom can include several subgroups known as domains. B) All eukary belong...

Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by

Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as...

In a hypothetical world, every 50 years people over 6 feet tall are eliminated from the population before they reproduce. Based on your knowledge of natural selection, you would predict that the average height of the human population will

In a hypothetical world, every 50 years people over 6 feet tall are eliminated from the population before they reproduce. Based on your knowledge of...

Which of these individuals is likely to be most successful in an evolutionary sense?

Which of these individuals is likely to be most successful in an evolutionary sense?  A) a re-productively sterile individual who never falls...

Charles Darwin proposed a mechanism for descent with modification that stated that organisms of a particular species are adapted to their environment when they possess

Charles Darwin proposed a mechanism for descent with modification that stated that organisms of a particular species are adapted to their environment...

Which of the following is (are) true of natural selection?

Which of the following is (are) true of natural selection?  A) It requires genetic variation. B) It results in descent with modification. C)...

Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?

Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?  A) ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems B) near universality...

A filamentous organism has been isolated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a cell wall but no chloroplasts. How would you classify this organism?

A filamentous organism has been isolated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a cell wall but no chloroplasts. How would you classify...

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?  A)...

Global warming, as demonstrated by observations such as melting of glaciers, increasing CO2 levels, and increasing average ambient temperatures, has already had many effects on living organisms. Which of the following might best offer a solution to this problem?

Global warming, as demonstrated by observations such as melting of glaciers, increasing CO2 levels, and increasing average ambient temperatures, has...

Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?

Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?  A) Bacteria and Eukarya B) Archaea and Monera C) Eukarya...

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?  A) a membrane-bounded nucleus B) a cell wall made...

Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?

Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?  A) informatics B) schematic biology C) taxonomy D) genomics E)...

When the body's blood glucose level rises, the pancreas secretes insulin and, as a result, the blood glucose level declines. When the blood glucose level is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon and, as a result, the blood glucose level rises. Such regulation of the blood glucose level is the result of

When the body's blood glucose level rises, the pancreas secretes insulin and, as a result, the blood glucose level declines. When the blood glucose...

Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The increasing labor contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?

Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The increasing labor contractions of childbirth are...

To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?

To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept...

Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?

Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear...

The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is

The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is  A) light energy B) kinetic energy C) thermal energy D) chemical energy E) ATP Answer:...

Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example, plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into

Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example, plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into  A)...

A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a

A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a  A) biosystem B) community C) population D) ecosystem E) family Answer:...

You have isolated a previously unstudied protein, identified its complete structure in detail and determined that it catalyzes the breakdown of a large substrate. You notice it has two binding sites. One of theses is large, apparently the bonding site for the large substrate; the other is small, possibly a binding site for a regulatory molecule. What do these finding tell you about the mechanism of this protein?

You have isolated a previously unstudied protein, identified its complete structure in detail and determined that it catalyzes the breakdown of a large...

With respect to the enzyme that converts X to Y, substance A functions as _____.

With respect to the enzyme that converts X to Y, substance A functions as _____. a. a competitive inhibitor b. an allosteric inhibitor c. the substrate d....

What is substance X?

What is substance X? a. the product b. a substrate c. an allosteric inhibitor d. an intermediate Answer:...

In the figure, why does the reaction rate plateau at higher reactant concentrations?

In the figure, why does the reaction rate plateau at higher reactant concentrations? a. the reaction nears equilibrium at high reactant concentrations b....

A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzyme reaction by____.

A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzyme reaction by____. a. binding at the active site of the enzyme b. acting as a coenzyme for...

According to the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme catalysis, ______.

According to the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme catalysis, ______. a. the binding of the substrate changes the shape of the enzyme's active site b....

The lock-and-key analogy for enzymes applies to the specificity of enzymes____.

The lock-and-key analogy for enzymes applies to the specificity of enzymes____. a. interacting with ions b. as they form their tertiary and quaternary...

Which of the following is true of enzymes?

Which of the following is true of enzymes? a. enzyme function is independent of physical and chemical environmental factors such as pH and temperature b....

What compound provides the reducing power for Calvin cycle reactions?

What compound provides the reducing power for Calvin cycle reactions? a. ATP b. NADH c. NADPH d. NADP+ Answer: ...

Which of the following does NOT occur during the Calvin cycle?

Which of the following does NOT occur during the Calvin cycle? a. regeneration of the CO2 acceptor b. oxidation of NADPH c. release of oxygen d. consumption...

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis? a. NADPH-chlorophyll-calvin cycle b. NADPH-O2-CO2 c....

Refer to the figure. If the carbon atom of each of the incoming CO2 molecules is labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, which organic molecules will be radioactively labeled after one cycle?

Refer to the figure. If the carbon atom of each of the incoming CO2 molecules is labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, which organic molecules...

In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO2 to produce a six-carbon molecule, which is then split to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. After phosphorylation and reduction produces G3P, what more needs to happen to complete the Calvin cycle?

In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO2 to produce a six-carbon molecule, which is then split to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate....

What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle?

What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle? a. synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide b. split water and release oxygen c. use NADPH to...

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

Where does the Calvin cycle take place? a. interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space) b. outer membrane of the chloroplasts c. stroma of the chloroplasts d....

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin Cycle?

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin Cycle? a. CO2 and glucose b. ADP, Pi,...

Which process is most directly driven by light energy?

Which process is most directly driven by light energy? a. removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules b. reduction of NADP+ molecules c. creation...

In a plant, the reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O2) take place in_____.

In a plant, the reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O2) take place in_____.  a. the light reactions and the Calvin Cycle b. neither the...

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration? a. photosynthesis stores energy in complex...

In mitochondria, chemiosmosis moves protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis moves protons from the ____.

In mitochondria, chemiosmosis moves protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis moves protons from the...

In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?

In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? a. inner mitochondrial membrane only b. thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial...

What are the products of linear electron flow?

What are the products of linear electron flow? a. ATP and NADPH b. ATP and P700 c. ADP and NADP+ d. heat and fluorescence Answer: ...

Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?

Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I? a. extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water b. passing electrons...

In the thylakoid membranes, the pigment molecules in a light-harvesting complex_____.

In the thylakoid membranes, the pigment molecules in a light-harvesting complex_____.  a. transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH b....

The electrons of photosystem II are excited and transferred to electron carriers. From which molecule or structure do the photosystem II replacement electrons come?

The electrons of photosystem II are excited and transferred to electron carriers. From which molecule or structure do the photosystem II replacement...

The final electron acceptor with photosystem I is ______.

The final electron acceptor with photosystem I is ______. a. NADPH b. water c. NADP d. oxygen Answer:...

As electrons are passed through the system of electron carriers associated with photosystem II, they lose energy. What happens to this energy?

As electrons are passed through the system of electron carriers associated with photosystem II, they lose energy. What happens to this energy? a....

What event accompanies energy absorption by chlorophyll (or other pigment molecules of the antenna complex)?

What event accompanies energy absorption by chlorophyll (or other pigment molecules of the antenna complex)? a. a carboxylation reaction of the Calvin...

In autumn, the leaves of deciduous trees change colors. This is because chlorophyll is degraded and___

In autumn, the leaves of deciduous trees change colors. This is because chlorophyll is degraded and___ a. carotenoids and other pigments are still...

Why are there several structurally different pigments in the reaction centers of photosystems?

Why are there several structurally different pigments in the reaction centers of photosystems? a. they enable the plant to absorb more photons from...

What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure?

What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure? a. green light b. UV light c. full-spectrum...

What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?

What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis? a. 420 mm b. 625 mm c. 575 mm d. 730 mm Answer: ...

The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different? a. other pigments absorb...

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? a. only heterotrophs require oxygen b. autotrophs,...

The process of photosynthesis probably originated____

The process of photosynthesis probably originated____ a. in prokaryotes b. three separate times during evolution c. in plants d. in fungi Answer:...